Comparing the racial diversity of the journalists
at America's daily newspapers
with the communities that they serve
Newsroom diversity report for
San Antonio Express-News
San Antonio, Texas
Owner: Hearst Newspapers (N.Y.)
From a report for the Knight Foundation
by Bill Dedman and Stephen K. Doig, June 2005
Click here to read the national report or to select another newspaper
Year	Non-white % of newsroom staff
2005	30.6
2004	31.2
2003	29.7
2002	30.3
2001	28.5
2000	26.6
1999	26.7
1998	24.0
1997	24.9
1996	23.2
1995	27.4
1994	22.3
1993	20.8
1992	19.1
1991	17.9
1990	16.1
The latest year at peak is	2004
See the notes and definitions section below for the sources of these figures.
Newsroom Diversity Index
for San Antonio Express-News
Year	Non-white % of newsroom staff	Non-white % of circulation area	Newsroom Diversity Index (parity=100)
2005	30.6	57.9	53
2004	31.2	57.9	54
How the index is calculated
The Newsroom Diversity Index is the non-white percentage of the newsroom staff
divided by the non-white percentage of residents in the circulation area.
(Parity = 100.)
Company index
This newspaper's owner, Hearst Newspapers (N.Y.),
has a companywide, circulation-weighted Diversity Index of 45.
See the notes and definitions section below for the sources of these figures.
Peer group comparison
for San Antonio Express-News
This newspaper's Newsroom Diversity Index is 53.				This paper
				Peer group
Compare that with 64, which is the median Diversity Index for all newspapers
reporting in this circulation category of 100,001 to 250,000 daily sales.
In that group, this newspaper's Diversity Index ranks 38 out of 58
newspapers reporting in the category of 100,001 to 250,000 daily sales.
FYI, in circulation, this newspaper's average weekday circulation of
approximately 226,109 ranks 44 out of 1,410 daily newspapers in the US.
See the notes and definitions section below for the sources of these figures.
Details on race/ethnicity
in the circulation area
and the home county
of San Antonio Express-News
	Circulation area
Race/ethnicity	% of population	Number of residents
Hispanic	49.4	919,658
Black	5.8	107,549
Asian and Pacific Islander	1.3	24,668
Native-American	0.3	5,052
Other non-white	0.1	1,914
Multi-racial	1.1	20,370
Non-white	57.9	1,079,211
White	42.1	784,413
Total		1,863,624
	Home county:  Bexar
Race/ethnicity	% of population	Number of residents
Hispanic	54.4	757,033
Black	6.9	95,984
Asian and Pacific Islander	1.6	22,316
Native-American	0.3	3,499
Other non-white	0.1	1,500
Multi-racial	1.2	16,354
Non-white	64.4	896,686
White	35.6	496,245
Total		1,392,931
The home county of this newspaper is Bexar.
About this report
This third annual report for the Knight Foundation adds context to an annual survey by the American Society of Newspaper Editors. ASNE has set a goal that
every newspaper, to help it know its community and gather the news, should employ at least one non-white journalist, and that newspapers should strive to
employ non-whites in proportion to their share of the community. ASNE's report, at www.asne.org, shows each newspaper's non-white employment, but does
not disclose how closely that employment mirrors the newspaper's circulation area.
That gap is filled by the report you are reading now. This report was not done by ASNE, but was done for the Knight Foundation by Bill Dedman and
Stephen K. Doig. It shows how close each newspaper is to ASNE's goal, by comparing the newsroom staffing with the circulation area population.
The full report is at www.powerreporting.com/knight.
Notes and definitions
1. The Newsroom Diversity Index is the non-white percentage of the newsroom staff divided by the non-white percentage of the circulation area's residents. Parity = 100.
2. Source for staffing: Survey by American Society of Newspaper Editors, April 2005. Newspapers report non-white staff as of the end of the previous year.
3. Following ASNE's definition, newsroom staff includes only supervisors, reporters, editors, copy/layout editors and photographers.
4. Also following ASNE's definition, "whites," "blacks," etc., exclude Hispanics, who are counted in a separate category.
5. Source for boundaries of this newspaper's circulation area: ZIP Code circulation data, Audit Bureau of Circulations, latest available.
6. A paper may define its circulation area differently for marketing efforts, or news coverage, or to set advertising rates.
7. If ZIP Codes or counties are used, this report applies a threshold: 10 percent household penetration is required to include an area in the circulation area.
8. Source for the demographics of residents of that circulation area: US Census 2000.
9. Source for total circulation: Editor & Publisher magazine, Monday-Friday average at year-end 2004.
10. Staff of non-English publications, such as the Miami Herald's El Nuevo Herald, are excluded from the ASNE staffing survey for the first time this year.
Demographics of ZIP Codes
where sales were reported by
San Antonio Express-News
Note that some ZIP Codes listed here may not have been included in determining the newspaper's circulation area. In calculating the Diversity Index, a
ZIP Code was included only if the household penetration was at least 10 percent. Any lower-penetration ZIP Codes are also listed here for your information.
Also, if the newspaper reported more than 300 ZIP Codes, only the top 300 in weekday sales are listed here.
ZIP / City / State / Approx. distance in miles from the newspaper's home office	Weekday sales	Households	Penetration % (daily sales per 100 households)	Median household income	Non-white % of population	Hispanic % of population	Black % of population	Native % of population	Asian % of population
78209 / San Antonio / TX / 4.4 mi.	8,422	18,130	46.5	$46,417	30.9	24.4	4.0	0.2	1.1
78216 / San Antonio / TX / 7.8 mi.	7,244	17,238	42.0	$35,324	48.9	41.9	3.7	0.2	1.8
78230 / San Antonio / TX / 9 mi.	6,441	15,473	41.6	$49,410	41.7	33.8	3.2	0.2	2.9
78232 / San Antonio / TX / 11.3 mi.	6,218	13,864	44.9	$64,301	25.8	19.7	2.3	0.3	2.1
78228 / San Antonio / TX / 5.6 mi.	5,589	18,204	30.7	$30,852	88.4	85.1	2.1	0.2	0.5
78247 / San Antonio / TX / 12.5 mi.	5,464	13,969	39.1	$59,537	36.5	26.9	5.3	0.3	2.1
78240 / San Antonio / TX / 9.9 mi.	5,403	19,178	28.2	$39,627	53.3	42.5	5.0	0.3	3.7
78250 / San Antonio / TX / 12.2 mi.	5,012	21,482	23.3	$55,558	55.2	44.3	6.6	0.3	2.2
78201 / San Antonio / TX / 4 mi.	4,869	16,761	29.0	$26,725	85.1	82.1	1.7	0.2	0.5
78213 / San Antonio / TX / 6.6 mi.	4,776	16,127	29.6	$36,250	61.7	56.8	2.5	0.3	1.2
78258 / San Antonio / TX / 15.2 mi.	4,717	5,868	80.4	$91,509	23.4	17.0	2.3	0.2	2.7
78217 / San Antonio / TX / 8.9 mi.	4,695	13,884	33.8	$40,967	45.3	31.2	9.0	0.3	2.9
78249 / San Antonio / TX / 12.4 mi.	4,345	12,220	35.6	$58,101	44.6	35.0	3.7	0.2	3.8
78130 / New Braunfels / TX / 31.2 mi.	4,338	16,018	27.1	$40,457	36.7	33.8	1.2	0.3	0.6
78212 / San Antonio / TX / 2.7 mi.	4,337	12,139	35.7	$30,299	65.8	61.0	2.3	0.2	1.2
78227 / San Antonio / TX / 9.1 mi.	4,226	12,685	33.3	$30,222	74.6	63.7	7.6	0.3	1.4
78233 / San Antonio / TX / 12.3 mi.	4,158	13,076	31.8	$45,575	44.9	32.6	7.9	0.4	2.1
78223 / San Antonio / TX / 9.8 mi.	4,094	15,137	27.0	$30,145	72.8	67.3	4.2	0.2	0.3
78207 / San Antonio / TX / 2.4 mi.	3,873	15,429	25.1	$20,117	96.2	92.8	2.8	0.2	0.1
78218 / San Antonio / TX / 7.1 mi.	3,798	11,148	34.1	$32,952	60.4	39.4	15.2	0.3	3.8
78205 / San Antonio / TX / 0 mi.	3,723	1,003	371.2	$14,578	61.8	53.0	6.6	0.5	0.8
78210 / San Antonio / TX / 2.4 mi.	3,607	12,449	29.0	$26,522	88.1	80.6	6.3	0.3	0.3
78251 / San Antonio / TX / 11.6 mi.	3,502	9,357	37.4	$46,290	68.0	51.4	10.9	0.3	2.8
78229 / San Antonio / TX / 7.5 mi.	3,447	13,183	26.1	$30,675	62.3	49.1	7.0	0.2	4.2
78239 / San Antonio / TX / 9.9 mi.	3,207	8,952	35.8	$46,376	53.1	28.7	19.4	0.4