Comparing the racial diversity of the journalists
at America's daily newspapers
with the communities that they serve
Newsroom diversity report for
The San Diego Union-Tribune
San Diego, California
Owner: Copley Press (Calif.)
From a report for the Knight Foundation
by Bill Dedman and Stephen K. Doig, June 2005
Click here to read the national report or to select another newspaper
Year	Non-white % of newsroom staff
2005	17.1
2004	16.9
2003	14.7
2002	Did not report
2001	Did not report
2000	Did not report
1999	12.8
1998	9.2
1997	9.2
1996	7.8
1995	7.1
1994	6.8
1993	6.9
1992	8.6
1991	Did not report
1990	Did not report
The latest year at peak is	2005
See the notes and definitions section below for the sources of these figures.
Newsroom Diversity Index
for The San Diego Union-Tribune
Year	Non-white % of newsroom staff	Non-white % of circulation area	Newsroom Diversity Index (parity=100)
2005	17.1	45.5	38
2004	16.9	45.5	37
How the index is calculated
The Newsroom Diversity Index is the non-white percentage of the newsroom staff
divided by the non-white percentage of residents in the circulation area.
(Parity = 100.)
Company index
This newspaper's owner, Copley Press (Calif.),
has a companywide, circulation-weighted Diversity Index of 43.
See the notes and definitions section below for the sources of these figures.
Peer group comparison
for The San Diego Union-Tribune
This newspaper's Newsroom Diversity Index is 38.				This paper
				Peer group
Compare that with 70, which is the median Diversity Index for all newspapers
reporting in this circulation category of 250,001 to 500,000 daily sales.
In that group, this newspaper's Diversity Index ranks 24 out of 24
newspapers reporting in the category of 250,001 to 500,000 daily sales.
An example of a newspaper of similar circulation, in an area of similar level of non-white residents, but one that has a relatively high Diversity Index, is San Jose Mercury News, California, with a 32.1 percent non-white staff in a community that is 52.6 percent non-white. Its index is 61.
FYI, in circulation, this newspaper's average weekday circulation of
approximately 311,324 ranks 25 out of 1,410 daily newspapers in the US.
See the notes and definitions section below for the sources of these figures.
Details on race/ethnicity
in the circulation area
and the home county
of The San Diego Union-Tribune
	Circulation area
Race/ethnicity	% of population	Number of residents
Hispanic	27.5	792,835
Black	5.5	157,809
Asian and Pacific Islander	9.0	259,656
Native-American	0.5	14,370
Other non-white	0.2	5,910
Multi-racial	2.8	82,058
Non-white	45.5	1,312,638
White	54.5	1,572,034
Total		2,884,672
	Home county:  San Diego
Race/ethnicity	% of population	Number of residents
Hispanic	26.7	750,965
Black	5.5	154,487
Asian and Pacific Islander	9.2	257,461
Native-American	0.5	15,253
Other non-white	0.2	5,822
Multi-racial	2.9	81,012
Non-white	45.0	1,265,000
White	55.0	1,548,833
Total		2,813,833
The home county of this newspaper is San Diego.
About this report
This third annual report for the Knight Foundation adds context to an annual survey by the American Society of Newspaper Editors. ASNE has set a goal that
every newspaper, to help it know its community and gather the news, should employ at least one non-white journalist, and that newspapers should strive to
employ non-whites in proportion to their share of the community. ASNE's report, at www.asne.org, shows each newspaper's non-white employment, but does
not disclose how closely that employment mirrors the newspaper's circulation area.
That gap is filled by the report you are reading now. This report was not done by ASNE, but was done for the Knight Foundation by Bill Dedman and
Stephen K. Doig. It shows how close each newspaper is to ASNE's goal, by comparing the newsroom staffing with the circulation area population.
The full report is at www.powerreporting.com/knight.
Notes and definitions
1. The Newsroom Diversity Index is the non-white percentage of the newsroom staff divided by the non-white percentage of the circulation area's residents. Parity = 100.
2. Source for staffing: Survey by American Society of Newspaper Editors, April 2005. Newspapers report non-white staff as of the end of the previous year.
3. Following ASNE's definition, newsroom staff includes only supervisors, reporters, editors, copy/layout editors and photographers.
4. Also following ASNE's definition, "whites," "blacks," etc., exclude Hispanics, who are counted in a separate category.
5. Source for boundaries of this newspaper's circulation area: ZIP Code circulation data, Audit Bureau of Circulations, latest available.
6. A paper may define its circulation area differently for marketing efforts, or news coverage, or to set advertising rates.
7. If ZIP Codes or counties are used, this report applies a threshold: 10 percent household penetration is required to include an area in the circulation area.
8. Source for the demographics of residents of that circulation area: US Census 2000.
9. Source for total circulation: Editor & Publisher magazine, Monday-Friday average at year-end 2004.
10. Staff of non-English publications, such as the Miami Herald's El Nuevo Herald, are excluded from the ASNE staffing survey for the first time this year.
Demographics of ZIP Codes
where sales were reported by
The San Diego Union-Tribune
Note that some ZIP Codes listed here may not have been included in determining the newspaper's circulation area. In calculating the Diversity Index, a
ZIP Code was included only if the household penetration was at least 10 percent. Any lower-penetration ZIP Codes are also listed here for your information.
Also, if the newspaper reported more than 300 ZIP Codes, only the top 300 in weekday sales are listed here.
ZIP / City / State / Approx. distance in miles from the newspaper's home office	Weekday sales	Households	Penetration % (daily sales per 100 households)	Median household income	Non-white % of population	Hispanic % of population	Black % of population	Native % of population	Asian % of population
91910 / Chula Vista / CA / 12.4 mi.	10,899	26,566	41.0	$42,970	64.8	45.7	4.4	0.4	11.3
92037 / La Jolla / CA / 8.3 mi.	10,029	17,660	56.8	$68,691	22.3	7.0	0.8	0.2	11.2
92117 / San Diego / CA / 4.8 mi.	9,931	20,790	47.8	$47,245	30.5	16.0	1.8	0.4	9.0
92128 / San Diego / CA / 16.5 mi.	9,456	18,818	50.2	$66,676	25.2	6.0	1.9	0.2	14.5
92101 / San Diego / CA / 3.6 mi.	8,796	11,520	76.4	$23,762	41.8	22.2	10.0	0.9	5.6
92109 / San Diego / CA / 5.5 mi.	8,633	23,866	36.2	$45,202	18.2	10.6	1.3	0.3	3.1
91911 / Chula Vista / CA / 12.6 mi.	8,315	22,344	37.2	$38,010	74.0	60.4	4.2	0.4	6.7
92021 / El Cajon / CA / 16.8 mi.	7,886	22,260	35.4	$40,103	28.2	17.9	3.7	0.8	2.3
92111 / San Diego / CA / 2.7 mi.	7,680	17,315	44.4	$42,774	50.1	22.1	5.2	0.4	19.0
92071 / Santee / CA / 9.7 mi.	7,625	18,739	40.7	$53,824	19.4	11.3	1.5	0.6	2.9
92020 / El Cajon / CA / 10.3 mi.	7,623	19,826	38.4	$37,230	35.6	22.4	5.3	0.7	2.8
91941 / La Mesa / CA / 8.6 mi.	7,612	18,695	40.7	$45,916	26.4	13.7	5.0	0.4	3.9
92129 / San Diego / CA / 14 mi.	7,590	14,914	50.9	$77,851	41.9	8.3	2.6	0.2	26.5
92009 / Carlsbad / CA / 23.6 mi.	7,564	17,289	43.8	$76,368	15.2	6.6	1.0	0.2	5.2
92126 / San Diego / CA / 8.1 mi.	7,558	22,690	33.3	$60,229	59.2	11.1	5.1	0.3	37.9
92064 / Poway / CA / 16.1 mi.	7,550	15,460	48.8	$71,385	22.8	10.4	1.6	0.3	7.5
92024 / Encinitas / CA / 20.4 mi.	7,051	18,277	38.6	$63,996	21.0	14.9	0.5	0.3	3.3
92103 / San Diego / CA / 2.1 mi.	6,650	17,567	37.9	$39,578	21.9	12.7	2.4	0.4	3.7
92115 / San Diego / CA / 4.4 mi.	6,498	20,697	31.4	$31,666	52.3	24.4	10.5	0.5	12.8
92019 / El Cajon / CA / 15.1 mi.	6,486	14,376	45.1	$56,486	23.5	13.3	2.7	0.6	3.3
92120 / San Diego / CA / 4.7 mi.	6,418	10,862	59.1	$57,461	20.0	9.3	2.9	0.3	4.6
91977 / Spring Valley / CA / 9.3 mi.	6,278	17,904	35.1	$45,917	54.8	28.4	13.0	0.5	8.3
92122 / San Diego / CA / 6.9 mi.	5,980	16,687	35.8	$52,039	30.2	6.8	1.4	0.2	18.4
92130 / San Diego / CA / 12.8 mi.	5,976	10,556	56.6	$93,929	23.5	5.9	0.6	0.1	14.1
92110 / San