Comparing the racial diversity of the journalists
at America's daily newspapers
with the communities that they serve
Newsroom diversity report for
The Sacramento Bee
Sacramento, California
Owner: McClatchy Co. (Calif.)
From a report for the Knight Foundation
by Bill Dedman and Stephen K. Doig, June 2005
Click here to read the national report or to select another newspaper
Year	Non-white % of newsroom staff
2005	29.2
2004	30.4
2003	29.6
2002	28.5
2001	27.9
2000	28.1
1999	26.2
1998	24.1
1997	24.4
1996	23.2
1995	23.1
1994	22.1
1993	21.9
1992	18.3
1991	15.7
1990	15.5
The latest year at peak is	2004
See the notes and definitions section below for the sources of these figures.
Newsroom Diversity Index
for The Sacramento Bee
Year	Non-white % of newsroom staff	Non-white % of circulation area	Newsroom Diversity Index (parity=100)
2005	29.2	35.0	83
2004	30.4	35.0	87
How the index is calculated
The Newsroom Diversity Index is the non-white percentage of the newsroom staff
divided by the non-white percentage of residents in the circulation area.
(Parity = 100.)
Company index
This newspaper's owner, McClatchy Co. (Calif.),
has a companywide, circulation-weighted Diversity Index of 71.
See the notes and definitions section below for the sources of these figures.
Peer group comparison
for The Sacramento Bee
This newspaper's Newsroom Diversity Index is 83.				This paper
				Peer group
Compare that with 70, which is the median Diversity Index for all newspapers
reporting in this circulation category of 250,001 to 500,000 daily sales.
In that group, this newspaper's Diversity Index ranks 7 out of 24
newspapers reporting in the category of 250,001 to 500,000 daily sales.
An example of a newspaper of similar circulation, in an area of similar level of non-white residents, but one that has a relatively high Diversity Index, is Detroit Free Press, Michigan, with a 29.2 percent non-white staff in a community that is 28.1 percent non-white. Its index is 104.
FYI, in circulation, this newspaper's average weekday circulation of
approximately 293,705 ranks 27 out of 1,410 daily newspapers in the US.
See the notes and definitions section below for the sources of these figures.
Details on race/ethnicity
in the circulation area
and the home county
of The Sacramento Bee
	Circulation area
Race/ethnicity	% of population	Number of residents
Hispanic	15.1	290,912
Black	6.6	127,270
Asian and Pacific Islander	8.7	167,718
Native-American	0.8	15,688
Other non-white	0.3	4,829
Multi-racial	3.6	68,672
Non-white	35.0	675,089
White	65.0	1,254,744
Total		1,929,833
	Home county:  Sacramento
Race/ethnicity	% of population	Number of residents
Hispanic	16.0	195,890
Black	9.7	118,073
Asian and Pacific Islander	11.4	139,389
Native-American	0.7	9,070
Other non-white	0.3	3,406
Multi-racial	4.2	51,016
Non-white	42.2	516,844
White	57.8	706,655
Total		1,223,499
The home county of this newspaper is Sacramento.
About this report
This third annual report for the Knight Foundation adds context to an annual survey by the American Society of Newspaper Editors. ASNE has set a goal that
every newspaper, to help it know its community and gather the news, should employ at least one non-white journalist, and that newspapers should strive to
employ non-whites in proportion to their share of the community. ASNE's report, at www.asne.org, shows each newspaper's non-white employment, but does
not disclose how closely that employment mirrors the newspaper's circulation area.
That gap is filled by the report you are reading now. This report was not done by ASNE, but was done for the Knight Foundation by Bill Dedman and
Stephen K. Doig. It shows how close each newspaper is to ASNE's goal, by comparing the newsroom staffing with the circulation area population.
The full report is at www.powerreporting.com/knight.
Notes and definitions
1. The Newsroom Diversity Index is the non-white percentage of the newsroom staff divided by the non-white percentage of the circulation area's residents. Parity = 100.
2. Source for staffing: Survey by American Society of Newspaper Editors, April 2005. Newspapers report non-white staff as of the end of the previous year.
3. Following ASNE's definition, newsroom staff includes only supervisors, reporters, editors, copy/layout editors and photographers.
4. Also following ASNE's definition, "whites," "blacks," etc., exclude Hispanics, who are counted in a separate category.
5. Source for boundaries of this newspaper's circulation area: ZIP Code circulation data, Audit Bureau of Circulations, latest available.
6. A paper may define its circulation area differently for marketing efforts, or news coverage, or to set advertising rates.
7. If ZIP Codes or counties are used, this report applies a threshold: 10 percent household penetration is required to include an area in the circulation area.
8. Source for the demographics of residents of that circulation area: US Census 2000.
9. Source for total circulation: Editor & Publisher magazine, Monday-Friday average at year-end 2004.
10. Staff of non-English publications, such as the Miami Herald's El Nuevo Herald, are excluded from the ASNE staffing survey for the first time this year.
Demographics of ZIP Codes
where sales were reported by
The Sacramento Bee
Note that some ZIP Codes listed here may not have been included in determining the newspaper's circulation area. In calculating the Diversity Index, a
ZIP Code was included only if the household penetration was at least 10 percent. Any lower-penetration ZIP Codes are also listed here for your information.
Also, if the newspaper reported more than 300 ZIP Codes, only the top 300 in weekday sales are listed here.
ZIP / City / State / Approx. distance in miles from the newspaper's home office	Weekday sales	Households	Penetration % (daily sales per 100 households)	Median household income	Non-white % of population	Hispanic % of population	Black % of population	Native % of population	Asian % of population
95608 / Carmichael / CA / 8.4 mi.	11,392	24,830	45.9	$45,693	17.8	6.9	2.9	0.7	3.8
95834 / Sacramento / CA / 6.9 mi.	11,081	3,202	346.1	$42,890	64.5	27.7	19.2	0.8	12.0
95630 / Folsom / CA / 18.7 mi.	8,961	17,173	52.2	$73,240	25.8	9.5	6.0	0.5	7.3
95831 / Sacramento / CA / 6.2 mi.	8,939	17,951	49.8	$57,329	56.1	10.5	11.7	0.4	29.2
95628 / Fair Oaks / CA / 12.8 mi.	8,443	15,965	52.9	$60,383	15.9	6.5	1.7	0.7	4.0
95758 / Elk Grove / CA / 15.2 mi.	7,566	15,411	49.1	$68,026	48.3	14.6	10.2	0.4	17.9
95670 / Rancho Cordova / CA / 10 mi.	7,406	18,762	39.5	$45,897	34.0	11.4	8.6	0.7	8.8
95616 / Davis / CA / 15.9 mi.	7,185	24,640	29.2	$42,110	35.2	10.3	2.3	0.5	18.0
95624 / Elk Grove / CA / 13 mi.	6,987	12,492	55.9	$65,850	34.0	12.8	4.9	0.6	10.6
95822 / Sacramento / CA / 4.4 mi.	6,437	15,899	40.5	$35,485	69.0	23.6	18.6	0.6	21.1
95821 / Sacramento / CA / 5.8 mi.	6,269	15,543	40.3	$35,453	28.4	12.6	6.4	0.9	4.5
95621 / Citrus Heights / CA / 12.2 mi.	6,211	16,616	37.4	$42,584	19.3	9.4	2.6	0.8	3.0
95823 / Sacramento / CA / 6.8 mi.	6,135	22,408	27.4	$36,001	76.4	23.8	25.1	0.5	21.1
95864 / Sacramento / CA / 5 mi.	6,073	9,908	61.3	$59,570	16.4	6.9	1.8	0.4	4.6
95610 / Citrus Heights / CA / 13.6 mi.	6,057	16,930	35.8	$45,423	21.1	10.6	2.8	0.8	3.2
95747 / Roseville / CA / 15.3 mi.	6,054	9,890	61.2	$62,922	16.3	7.4	1.3	0.3	4.9
95826 / Sacramento / CA / 5.2 mi.	5,807	15,953	36.4	$42,562	38.0	13.4	8.6	0.8	10.6
95828 / Sacramento / CA / 7 mi.	5,699	16,653	34.2	$45,137	64.8	18.0	15.6	0.7	25.0
95814 / Sacramento / CA / 1.5 mi.	5,498	8,581	64.1	$20,473	47.6	19.7	13.2	1.4	9.4
95825 / Sacramento / CA / 3.5 mi.	5,234	15,385	34.0	$35,228	38.3	16.4	8.9	0.8	7.7
95662 / Orangevale / CA / 15.6 mi.	4,871	11,711	41.6	$54,316	14.7	6.7	1.1	0.8	2.8
95678 / Roseville / CA / 16.5 mi.	4,835	11,771	41.1	$49,615	26.4	18.0	1.2	0.7	3.8
95661 / Roseville / CA / 16.6 mi.	4,757	9,682	49.1	$58,606	16.2	7.9	1.2	0.6	3.9
95816 / Sacramento / CA / 0 mi.	4,694	9,431	49.8	$35,282	27.8	14.1	4.6	1.0	3.9
95819 / Sacramento / CA / 1.5 mi.	4,581	7,563	60.6	$55,811